Source : http://ciscotips.wordpress.com/2006/06/07/how-to-block-skype/
Filed under: Access-lists, QOS, Router, security — ciscotips @ 4:36 am
On April 4th 2006, Cisco released IOS version 12.4 (4) T. Cisco introduced much awaited Skype classification in NBAR . So now with simple policy you can block skype. Skype can be blocked in a similar way as we use to block kazza,limewire and other p2p applications.
Example:-
NBAR configuration to drop Skype packets
class−map match−any p2p
match protocol skype
policy−map block−p2p
class p2p
drop
int FastEthernet0
description PIX−facing interface
service−policy input block−p2p
If you are unsure about the bandwidth eating applications being used in your organisation. you can access the interface connected to the Internet and configure following command
ip nbar protocol-discovery.
This will enable nbar discovery on your router.
Use following command:-
show ip nbar protocol-discovery stats bit-rate top-n 10
it will show you top 10 bandwidth eating applications being used by the users. Now you will be able to block/restrict traffic with appropriate QoS policy.
we can also use ip nbar port-map command to look for the protocol or protocol name, using a port number or numbers other than the well-known Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)-assigned) port numbers.
Usage as per cisco:-
ip nbar port-map protocol-name [tcp | udp] port-number
Up to 16 ports can be specified with this command. Port number values can range from 0 to 65535
Monday, February 15, 2010
Tuesday, February 9, 2010
Free Hard Disk Backup / Restore and Image / Cloning Utilities
From http://www.thefreecountry.com/utilities/backupandimage.shtml
The hard disk and partition imaging software take a snapshot of your hard disk so that you can restore your system at a later time to the exact same state the system was when you imaged the disk or partition. This is useful for system recovery in case of a hard disk disaster. The term "image" is used because such software often copy the state of the hard disk sector by sector to your image. Hence if your hard disk was (say) defragmented with certain software occupying certain sectors when you backed up, it will be returned to that same state when you restore your backup. The image utilities often do not allow fine control what you backup - you can specify the partitions or hard disks to back up, but you usually will not be able to specify which folders to exclude or include. They are useful for backing up your system drive or partition, that is, the drive that you placed your operating system on. Hard disk imaging software are sometimes also used to clone a hard disk to another (useful for the times you change or upgrade your hard disk).
On the other hand, the hard disk, folder and files backup software listed here allow a finer control over what you back up. You can selectively backup and restore (say) your documents and email while omitting other files and directories. Some of the utilities allow you to schedule your backups, so that you can be sure that your important data are backed up periodically (for example, daily, weekly, monthly, etc). Depending on the utility, it may or may not support the backup of your system drive (the drive you booted from).
Note that commercial backup and imaging software, like Paragon Backup & Recovery Suite, Acronis True Image, and Terabyte Unlimited's Image for Windows (free trial download) are not listed here, other than being mentioned in this introduction.
Favorite : Bacula
Another link http://www.downloadsquad.com/2008/10/12/13-great-free-backup-programs-for-windows-mac-and-linux/
The hard disk and partition imaging software take a snapshot of your hard disk so that you can restore your system at a later time to the exact same state the system was when you imaged the disk or partition. This is useful for system recovery in case of a hard disk disaster. The term "image" is used because such software often copy the state of the hard disk sector by sector to your image. Hence if your hard disk was (say) defragmented with certain software occupying certain sectors when you backed up, it will be returned to that same state when you restore your backup. The image utilities often do not allow fine control what you backup - you can specify the partitions or hard disks to back up, but you usually will not be able to specify which folders to exclude or include. They are useful for backing up your system drive or partition, that is, the drive that you placed your operating system on. Hard disk imaging software are sometimes also used to clone a hard disk to another (useful for the times you change or upgrade your hard disk).
On the other hand, the hard disk, folder and files backup software listed here allow a finer control over what you back up. You can selectively backup and restore (say) your documents and email while omitting other files and directories. Some of the utilities allow you to schedule your backups, so that you can be sure that your important data are backed up periodically (for example, daily, weekly, monthly, etc). Depending on the utility, it may or may not support the backup of your system drive (the drive you booted from).
Note that commercial backup and imaging software, like Paragon Backup & Recovery Suite, Acronis True Image, and Terabyte Unlimited's Image for Windows (free trial download) are not listed here, other than being mentioned in this introduction.
Favorite : Bacula
Another link http://www.downloadsquad.com/2008/10/12/13-great-free-backup-programs-for-windows-mac-and-linux/
g4u - Harddisk Image Cloning for PCs
From http://www.feyrer.de/g4u/
g4u ("ghosting for unix") is a NetBSD-based bootfloppy/CD-ROM that allows easy cloning of PC harddisks to deploy a common setup on a number of PCs using FTP. The floppy/CD offers two functions. The first is to upload the compressed image of a local harddisk to a FTP server, the other is to restore that image via FTP, uncompress it and write it back to disk. Network configuration is fetched via DHCP. As the harddisk is processed as an image, any filesystem and operating system can be deployed using g4u. Easy cloning of local disks as well as partitions is also supported.
Supported Hardware
The system running g4u itself can have IDE, SATA, SCSI or RAID disks with various controllers (Adaptec, ...) as well as wide range of PCMCIA, Cardbus, ISA and PCI network cards. Please see the g4u kernel config for the full list of supported hardware.
g4u ("ghosting for unix") is a NetBSD-based bootfloppy/CD-ROM that allows easy cloning of PC harddisks to deploy a common setup on a number of PCs using FTP. The floppy/CD offers two functions. The first is to upload the compressed image of a local harddisk to a FTP server, the other is to restore that image via FTP, uncompress it and write it back to disk. Network configuration is fetched via DHCP. As the harddisk is processed as an image, any filesystem and operating system can be deployed using g4u. Easy cloning of local disks as well as partitions is also supported.
Supported Hardware
The system running g4u itself can have IDE, SATA, SCSI or RAID disks with various controllers (Adaptec, ...) as well as wide range of PCMCIA, Cardbus, ISA and PCI network cards. Please see the g4u kernel config for the full list of supported hardware.
Thursday, February 4, 2010
Full Version of Windows XP on USB stick or USB external HDD
English
http://www.ngine.de/index.jsp?pageid=4176
Indonesian version
http://forum.dudung.net/index.php?PHPSESSID=9e62bdfe16f6e06f48db2008f654257a&topic=15782.msg224540#msg224540
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http://www.ngine.de/index.jsp?pageid=4176
Indonesian version
http://forum.dudung.net/index.php?PHPSESSID=9e62bdfe16f6e06f48db2008f654257a&topic=15782.msg224540#msg224540
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